徐涛刘合心：榆林新明楼魏忠贤铜像考 …… 长城小站:《中国长城文献资料数据库》

《榆林新明楼魏忠贤铜像考》
作　　者：徐涛刘合心
出　　处：文博 2002年03期
发表时间：2002-03-01
文　　摘：

在榆林城内南大街中央,有一大型木构楼阁建筑——新明楼(又称星明楼) ，内有一尊大型铜造像。
1998年,故宫博物院朱家清氵晋等先生在观看造像后，提出了质疑，认为并非佛教或道教造像,有可能是明代延绥镇某位监军太监造像。2000 年及2001 年,陕西省文物鉴定组赴榆林进行馆藏文物鉴定时，我们两次对这尊铜造像进行了细致的考察,认为它其实并非一尊普通造像,而是明末大宦官魏忠贤的造像。

参考链接：
　　· http://scholar.ilib.cn/Abstract.aspx?A=wenb200203016
关键词：新明楼魏忠贤
正　　文：

　　塞上名城榆林,秦汉时为上郡,唐代则属银州。明正统二年筑榆林城,成化九年(1473年) 延绥巡抚余子俊将延绥镇署自绥德迁至榆林,随后在成化、弘治、正德年间三拓其城,逐步形成现在的城市布局。康熙元年九月,清政府裁撤延绥巡抚,雍正九年设榆林府 ……

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参考文献：

注　释
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②以上参见《陕西省志·文物志》第三章古建筑第三节。陕西省地方志编纂委员会编,三秦出版社1995 年8 月:《中国文地图集·陕西分册》下册榆林地区榆林市。国家文物局主编,西安地图出版社1998 年12 月;《陕西名胜古迹》榆林地区榆林县历史文物概况。陕西省文物管理委员会编,陕西人民出版社1986 年12 月。
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④《延绥镇志》清·谭吉璁等纂修,康熙十二年抄本。《中国方志丛书·华北地方·第三○五号》成文出版有限公司印行。
⑤在新明楼底层,有数件记载新明楼维修状况的木匾形题记。除上世纪80 年代及光绪元年维修纪录外,还有嘉庆二十四年、光绪二十七年维修“磨洗阁”等处的记载,似与新明楼无关,故此处不再论述。
⑥见《榆林市志》卷二十三文物志,第一章第二节。榆林市志编纂委员会编,三秦出版社1996 年12 月。
⑦《图开胜迹》6 册,存榆林市档案馆。笔者存其复印本。
⑧《陕西古建筑》、《陕西省志·文物志》未提及;《陕西名胜古迹》称造像;《中国文地图集·陕西分册》、《榆林市志》、《榆林文史揽胜》称佛像。
⑨《榆林府志·卷四十四》艺文志。
[10]见《中国文地图集·陕西分册》下册,榆林地区榆林市。
[11]《榆林市志》卷十一城乡建设志第一章第二节。
[12]《明史·卷六十八》志第44 ,舆服四,中华书局1977 年第一版,以下同。
[13]韩城禹王殿原址在村镇,1980 年迁至芝川镇司马坡。该殿有“元元统三年(1355 年) 乙亥岁创建”墨书题记。见《陕西古建筑》第六章第二节。
[14]见陈娟娟《明代丝绸艺术》图八。《故宫博物院院刊》1992年1 期。
[15][16]见《陕西省志·文物志》第三章古建筑第三节慧照寺塔、福昌寺千佛铁塔。
[17]此像原在韩城城隍庙内,现已搬至韩城市博物馆陈列。
[18]穆青、汤伟健《明代民窑青花》河北人民出版社2000 年11月。
[19]明·沈德符《万历野获编》补遗卷二,阁臣赐蟒之始。元明史料笔记从刊,中华书局1997 年。
[20][21]《明史·卷六十七》志第43 ,舆服三。
[22]以上参见《明史》各人传纪。
[23]《明史·卷六十四》志第40 ,仪卫。
[24]见《中国美术全集·绘画编13·寺观壁画》文物出版社,1988年。
[25]徐达与李文忠像均见周锡保《中国古代服饰史》第一章图二十、二十一,中国戏剧出版社1984 年。
[26]参见郑景胜、郑艳萍《北镇庙壁画人物是谁?》中的常遇春像。《文物天地》1994 年6 期。
[27]《明史·卷七十四》志第50 ,职官三。
[28][29][52][57]明·刘若愚《酌中志》卷之十九,内臣服佩记略,北京古籍出版社1994 年5 月,以下同。
[30]《酌中志》卷之五,三朝典礼之臣记略。田义,西安人,曾任南京守备,万历中任司礼监掌印太监。
[31]《酌中志》卷之九,正监蒙难记略。杜茂,陕西人,天启初任司礼监秉笔太监,曾任承天监守备。咸阳市秦都区北杜镇福昌寺千佛铁塔,即由他出资修建,从姓氏地望看,应该为本地人。
[32][36][37]清·谷应泰《明史记事本末·卷之七十一》魏忠贤乱政中华书局1977 年2 月。
[33]《明史·卷三百五》列传193 ,宦官传二,魏忠贤。
[34][38][39]《明史·卷三百六》列传194 ,阉党,阎鸣泰传。
[35]明·郑仲夔《耳新》卷七,转引自王春瑜、杜婉言《明代宦官与经济史料初探》附录:“明代宦官与江南经济”。中国社会科学出版社1986 年9 月。
[40]明·朱长祚《玉镜新谭》卷七建祠,元明史料笔记丛刊,中华书局1989 年9 月。
[41][47]《明实录·熹宗》第70 册,卷八六、卷八四。
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[43]见《明史·卷二百四十三》列传131 邹元标、冯从吾传。
[44]见《明史·卷二百四十四》列传132 周起元传。
[45]见《明督抚年表》卷三延绥所引《剥复录》。
[46]《玉镜新谭》卷四彳复赉。
[48][49]《明□宗□皇帝实录》七年十月、十一月《明实录》附录之一,中央研究院历史语言研究所校印本。
[50]参见清·夏燮《明通鉴》卷八十一,中华书局1959 年第一版。
[51]明·韩纩等撰《钦定逆案》,选自清钞《明季野史汇编》,中国野史集成续编编委会、四川大学图书馆编
《中国野史大观·续编》第20 册,巴蜀书社2000 年第一版。
[53]《酌中志》卷之四,恭纪今上瑞征。
[54]《酌中志》卷之十四,客魏始末纪略。
[55]《榆林府志·卷八》建置志,祠祀。
[56]《玉镜新谭》卷七,建祠。
[58][59][61]《明史·卷三百九》列传第197 ,李自成。
[60]参见《明史·卷二十二》本纪第22 ,熹宗及列传第148 杨鹤传。
[62]参见《清史稿·卷四》本纪4 ,世祖本纪一及卷四百七十四,列传261 ,吴三桂传,中华书局1977 年第一版。
[63]见《清史稿·卷二百五十七》列传44 ,许占魁传。

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